Chinese language notes for Chinese language students to prepare HSK syllabus according to HSK standard course textbooks
Zuòjiā lǎoshě xiānshēng ài huā,
作家老舍先生爱花，
The writer Mr. Lao She loves flowers.
tā yǎng de huā hěnduō,
他养的花很多，
He raises a lot of flowers,
mǎn mǎn bǎile yī yuànzi.
满满摆了一院子。
and he has a yard full of them.
Yánrè de xiàtiān, tī wán yī chǎng qiúsài,
炎热的夏天，踢完一场球赛，
In the hot summer, after playing a game,
měi gè duìyuán dōu yǐjīng shì hàn rú yǔ xià.
每个队员都已经是汗如雨下。
every team member was already sweating.
Nà nǐ zhīdao niǎor zuì zhòngyào de tèzhēng shì shénme ma?
那你知道鸟儿最重要的特征是什么吗？
Do you know what is the most important characteristic of a bird?
Chéngshì qìchē de shùliàng xùnsù zēngzhǎng, zuìchū hái bèi shì wéi shì shèhuì fāzhǎn, jīngjì fánróng de tǐxiàn.
城市汽车的数量迅速增长，最初还被视为是社会发展、经济繁荣的体现。
The rapid increase in the number of urban cars was initially regarded as a manifestation of social development and economic prosperity.
Dàn hěn kuài rénmen jiù fāxiànle wèntí.
但很快人们就发现了问题。
But soon people discovered the problem.
Rúguǒ nǐ juédé dìqiú shàng de yīdiǎnr xiǎo wūrǎn méishénme guānxì,
如果你觉得地球上的一点儿小污染没什么关系，
If you think that a little bit of pollution on the earth doesn't matter,
nà nǐ kě jiù dà cuò tè cuòle!
那你可就大错特错了！
then you are quite wrong!
Yīgè péngyou zài bàoshè dāng biānjí.
一个朋友在报社当编辑。
A friend works as an editor in a newspaper.
Xībānyá rén tèbié xǐhuan chī shādīngyú.
西班牙人特别喜欢吃沙丁鱼。
The Spanish especially like to eat sardines.
Dàn shādīngyú duì líkāi dàhǎi hòu de huánjìng jí bù shìyìng,
但沙丁鱼对离开大海后的环境极不适应，
However, sardines are extremely unsuitable to the environment after leaving the sea,
yùnshū jiù chéngle wèntí.
运输就成了问题。
and transportation has become a problem.
Yú shàng'àn hòu, guò bu le duōjiǔ jiù huì sǐqù.
鱼上岸后，过不了多久就会死去。
The fish will die soon after they land.
Jiàn wěi zài dàxué de yīzuò gōngyù lóu lǐ kāile yījiā shūdiàn,
建伟在大学的一座公寓楼里开了一家书店，
Jianwei opened a bookstore in an apartment building at the university,
shùnbiàn màidiǎnr wénjù, diànchí, xiǎo rìyòngpǐn děng.
顺便卖点儿文具、电池、小日用品等。
and sold some stationery, batteries, and small daily necessities by the way.
Tā jiào liú chén, shì yīgè nián jǐn 23 suì de yīngjiè běnkē bìyè shēng, zàiguò yīgè yuè jiù yào bìyèle.
他叫刘辰，是一个年仅23岁的应届本科毕业生，再过一个月就要毕业了。
His name is Liu Chen, and he is a 23-year-old fresh graduate who will graduate in a month.
Miàn duì bìng bù lèguān de jiùyè xíngshì,
面对并不乐观的就业形势，他压力很大：
Faced with the not optimistic employment situation, he was under great pressure:
Wǒ fùqīn shì yī wèi xiàngqí jiàoliàn.
我父亲是一位象棋教练。
My father is a chess coach.
Nà yī nián, wǒ dàxué fàngjià huí jiā,
那一年，我大学放假回家，
That year, when I came home from university,
Gōngzuò zhōng de mánglù dàgài kěyǐ fēn wéi sān zhǒng:
工作中的忙碌大概可以分为三种：
Busyness at work can be roughly divided into three types:
Dì yī zhǒng máng, máng dé hěn bèidòng,
第一种忙，忙得很被动，
the first type is busy, which is very busy and passive,
Yǒuyī wèi jīngyàn fēngfù de lǎo chuánzhǎng,
有一位经验丰富的老船长，
There was an experienced old captain.
yīcì fǎnháng zhōng, tiānqì èliè,
一次返航中，天气恶劣，
During a return trip, the weather was bad
Lái Yúnnán zhījiào yī nián duō,
来云南支教一年多，
After coming to Yunnan to teach for more than a year,
Hǎolínshuò lǎoshī zìjǐ yě jì bù qīng yǒu duōshǎo cì jiāfǎngle.
郝琳硕老师自己也记不清有多少次家访了。
Ms. Hao Linshuo couldn't remember how many home visits she had.
Gāng dào shí, yī wèi jiào Zhàofúgēn de nánshēng yǐnqǐle tā de zhùyì.
刚到时，一位叫赵福根的男生引起了她的注意。
When she first arrived, a boy named Zhao Fugen caught her attention.
Tā shàngkè cóng bù fāyán, hěnduō kè bù jígé,
他上课从不发言，很多课不及格，
He never speaks in class, fails many classes,
píngshí yě jīhū bù hé tóngxué jiāowǎng.
平时也几乎不和同学交往。
and rarely interacts with his classmates.
Hǎo lǎoshī jiāfǎng hòu dé zhī,
郝老师家访后得知，
Teacher Hao learned after his home visit
Zhàofúgēn de fùqīn qùshìle,
赵福根的父亲去世了，
Zhao Fugen’s father had passed away
jiějie zàiwài dǎgōng,
姐姐在外打工，
and his sister was working outside.
tā jiālǐ hěn qióng,
他家里很穷，
His family was very poor
hái dé bāngzhe māma zuò jiāwù,
还得帮着妈妈做家务，
and he had to help his mother with housework.
shìgè tǐtiē xiàoshùn de háizi.
是个体贴孝顺的孩子。
He was a filial child.
“Hé tā māma liáotiān cái zhīdao tā hěn xǐhuan tiàowǔ,”
“和他妈妈聊天才知道他很喜欢跳舞，”
"Only when chatted with his mother she came to know that he likes dancing,"
Hǎo lǎoshī shuō, “wǒ juédé zhè shìgè jīhuì!”
郝老师说，“我觉得这是个机会！”
Teacher Hao said, "I think this is an opportunity!"
Tā gǔlì Fúgēn zài xuéxiào yìshù jié shàng biǎoyǎn,
她鼓励福根在学校艺术节上表演，
She encouraged Fugen to perform at the school art festival
měi zhōu'èr dàizhe tā yīqǐ qù zhǎo yīnyuè lǎoshī páiliàn.
每周二带着他一起去找音乐老师排练。
and took him to rehearse with a music teacher every Tuesday.
Biǎoyǎn shí,
表演时，
During the performance,
Fúgēn de húdié wǔ déliǎo wǔdǎo zǔ de guànjūn,
福根的蝴蝶舞得了舞蹈组的冠军，
Fukun’s butterfly dance won the champion of the dance group.
tái xià de tóngxuémen gǔ qǐ zhǎng lái,
台下的同学们鼓起掌来，
The students in the audience clapped
qí shēng de hǎnzhe “Fúgēn” de míngzì······
齐声地喊着“福根”的名字······
and shouted the name of "Fukun" in chorus...
Zhīhòu, Zhàofúgēn xuéxí yònggōngle,
之后，赵福根学习用功了，
After that, Zhao Fugen studied hard
chéngjī yě zhújiàn jìnbù.
成绩也逐渐进步。
and his grades gradually improved.
Tā xiěle yī piān tímù wèi “nèitiān de wǔdǎo hé zhǎngshēng” de zuòwén,
他写了一篇题目为《那天的舞蹈和掌声》的作文，
He wrote an essay titled "Dancing and Applause That Day",
déle quán bān zuìgāo fēn,
得了全班最高分，
and got the highest score in the class.
tā lǎngdúle zìjǐ de zuòwén:
他朗读了自己的作文：
He read his essay aloud:
“Hǎo lǎoshī lái dào wǒjiā,
“郝老师来到我家，
"Ms. Hao came to my home.
nà shì dì yī cì yǒu lǎoshī lái.
那是第一次有老师来。
That was the first time a teacher came.
Tā fēicháng wēnróu······
她非常温柔······
She is very gentle...
Wǒ yǒngyuǎn dōu wàng bùliǎo nà rèliè de zhǎngshēng
我永远都忘不了那热烈的掌声
I will never forget the warm applause
hé tóngxuémen sòng wǒ de táng, tián tián de.
和同学们送我的糖，甜甜的。
and the sweets that my classmates gave me are sweet.
Wǒ gǎnjué zài xuéxiào yěyǒu rén ài wǒle,
我感觉在学校也有人爱我了，
I feel that someone loves me at school,
wǒ kāishǐ yǒu yǒngqì·····.”
我开始有勇气·····.”
and I start to have the courage..."
Hǎo lǎoshī fāxiàn,
郝老师发现，
Teacher Hao discovered that
shānli de qīng zhuàngnián dōu chūqù chuǎngshìjiè,
山里的青壮年都出去闯世界，
the young and middle-aged people in the mountains went out to enter the world,
zhǐyǒu lǎorén, háizi liúshǒu,
只有老人、孩子留守，
and only the elderly and children stayed behind.
“tāmen chūqùle hái huílái ma?
“他们出去了还回来吗？
"Do they come back after they go out?"
Dàshān yǐhòu shéi lái fùzé”?
大山以后谁来负责”？
Who will be responsible after Dashan"?
Yúshì, hǎo lǎoshī zǔzhīle yīgè 8 zhōu de yánjiū xíng xuéxí huódòng,
于是，郝老师组织了一个8周的研究型学习活动，
Therefore, Miss. Hao organized an 8-week research-based learning activity
zhǔtí shì “ràng jiāxiāng de míngtiān gèng měihǎo”.
主题是“让家乡的明天更美好”。
with the theme "Make the Hometown's Tomorrow Better".
Tā gǔlì xuéshēng xúnzhǎo cūnzi de wèntí,
她鼓励学生寻找村子的问题，
She encourages students to look for problems in the village,
tōngguò liǎojiě lìshǐ dìlǐ qíngkuàng,
通过了解历史地理情况、
through understanding the historical and geographical situation,
cǎifǎng cūnlǐ de lǎorén, xiǎozǔ tǎolùn děng,
采访村里的老人、小组讨论等，
interviewing the elderly in the village, and group discussions
zuìzhōng tíchū jiějué fāng'àn.
最终提出解决方案。
finally propose solutions.
Tā hé qítā zhìyuàn zhě lìyòng wǔxiū,
她和其他志愿者利用午休、
She and other volunteers use free time
zhōumò děng kòngxián shíjiān gěi xuéshēngmen zhǐdǎo hé péixùn.
周末等空闲时间给学生们指导和培训。
such as lunch breaks and weekends to guide and train students.
Xuéshēngmen shuō:
学生们说：
The students said:
“Yǐqián,
“以前，
"In the past,
wǒmen zǒng rènwéi jiànshè jiāxiāng shì dàrén de shì,
我们总认为建设家乡是大人的事，
we always thought that building a hometown was a matter of adults,
yòng bùzháo wǒmen cāoxīn.
用不着我们操心。
and we didn't need to worry about it.
Bùguò, xiànzài wǒmen míngbáile,
不过，现在我们明白了，
However, now we understand that
jiànshè jiāxiāng, rén rén yǒu zé,
建设家乡，人人有责，
building a hometown is everyone’s responsibility,
wǒmen yě yào chéngdān zhège yìwù.
我们也要承担这个义务。
and we also have to bear this obligation.
Zhège rènwù hěn jiānjù, wǒmen yào jǐn zi jǐ zuìdà de lìliàng.”
这个任务很艰巨，我们要尽自己最大的力量。”
This task is very difficult, and we must do our best. "
Hǎolínshuò juédé zìjǐ de shōuhuò yuǎn duō yú gěi háizimen de.
郝琳硕觉得自己的收获远多于给孩子们的。
Hao Linshuo felt that she had gained far more than for the children.
“Bùguǎn yǐhòu zài nǎr,
“不管以后在哪儿，
"No matter where I am in the future,
wǒ dōu huì jìxù yòng wǒ de lìliàng yǐngxiǎng shānli de háizimen,
我都会继续用我的力量影响山里的孩子们，
I will continue to use my power to influence the children in the mountains,
yīnwèi tāmen shì guójiā de wèilái yǔ xīwàng.”
因为他们是国家的未来与希望。”
because they are the future and hope of the country."
Gǎibiān zì “měilì Zhōngguó”(Teach For China) guānwǎng, tímù zì nǐ
改编自“美丽中国”（Teach For China)官网，题目自拟
Adapted from the official website of "Teach For China" (Teach For China), the title is self-made
After coming to Yunnan to teach for more than a year, Ms. Hao Linshuo couldn't remember how many home visits she had. When she first arrived, a boy named Zhao Fugen caught her attention. He never speaks in class, fails many classes, and rarely interacts with his classmates.
Teacher Hao after his home visit knew that Zhao Fugen’s father had passed away and his sister was working outside. His family was very poor and he had to help his mother with housework. He was a filial child.
"Only when she chatted with his mother she came to know that he likes dancing," Teacher Hao said, "I think this is an opportunity!" She encouraged Fugen to perform at the school art festival and took him to rehearse with a music teacher every Tuesday.
During the performance, Fukun’s butterfly dance won the champion of the dance group. The students in the audience clapped and shouted the name of "Fukun" in chorus...
After that, Zhao Fugen studied hard and his grades gradually improved.
He wrote an essay titled "Dance and Applause That Day", and got the highest score in the class. He read his essay aloud: "Ms. Hao came to my house.
That was the first time a teacher came. She was very gentle. ·····I will never forget the warm applause and the sweets that my classmates gave me are sweet. I feel that someone at school loves me, and I begin to have courage..."
Teacher Hao discovered that all the young and middle-aged people in the mountains went out to venture into the world, and only the elderly and children stayed behind. “Will they come back after they go out? Who will be responsible after Dashan”?
Therefore, Miss. Hao organized an 8-week research-based learning activity with the theme "Make the Hometown's Tomorrow Better". She encourages students to look for problems in the village, and finally propose solutions through understanding the historical and geographical situation, interviewing the elderly in the village, and group discussions.
She and other volunteers use free time such as lunch breaks and weekends to guide and train students. The students said: "In the past, we always thought that building a hometown was a matter for adults, and we didn’t need to worry about it. However, now we understand that building a hometown is everyone’s responsibility, and we have to bear this obligation. This task is very difficult. We have to do our best."
Hao Linshuo felt that she had gained far more than for the children. "No matter where I am in the future, I will continue to use my power to influence the children in the mountains, because they are the future and hope of the country."
Adapted from the official website of "Teach For China" (Teach For China), the title is self-made
Wénwén cóngxiǎo shìgè guāiguāi nǚ, xuéxí kèkǔ, zūnshǒu jìlǜ.
文文从小是个乖乖女，学习刻苦，遵守纪律。
Wenwen has been a good girl since she was a child, studying hard and observing discipline.
1972 Nián, 22 suì de Lǐchádé·Xīěr sī ài shàngle zhōngwén,
1972年，22岁的理查德·希尔斯爱上了中文，
In 1972, the 22-year-old Richard Hills fell in love with Chinese,
Lesson 1 爱的细节 Details of Love ài de xìjié 爱的细节 Details of love
