Lesson 29 “笑”的备忘录
A memorandum of laughing
“Xiào” de bèiwànglù
“笑”的备忘录
A memorandum of laughing
(Yī) dànǎo néng “tīng” chū xiào shēng de zhēn jiǎ
（一）大脑能“听”出笑声的真假
(1) The brain can "hear" the true and false of laughter
Zhēnshi qǐyǒucǐlǐ,
真是岂有此理，
How can this be so?
nándào wǒmen tīng dào yōngsú, bù shàng dàngcì de xiàohuà jiǎ xiào liǎng shēng,
难道我们听到庸俗、不上档次的笑话假笑两声、
we hear vulgar, inferior jokes and smirk twice,
fūyǎn yīxià yě bù kěyǐ ma?
敷衍一下也不可以吗？
and can't be perfunctory?
Kěshì, hǎoxiàng quèshí bùxíng.
可是，好像确实不行。
However, it does not seem to work.
Zhūwèi, rúguǒ nǐ bùxiǎng nánkān,
诸位，如果你不想难堪，
You guys, if you don’t want to be embarrassed
bùxiǎng ràng biérén fāxiàn nǐ fāchū de shì xūwèi, wéibèi xīnyì de xiào shēng,
不想让别人发现你发出的是虚伪、违背心意的笑声，
and don’t want others to discover that you are making a hypocritical, counterintuitive laugh,
nǐ kěyǐ huíbì,
你可以回避，
you can avoid it,
kěyǐ bù biǎotài,
可以不表态，
you can refrain from expressing your position,
kěyǐ bǎ huàtí chà kāi,
可以把话题岔开，
you can change the topic,
kěyǐ zhuāng lóng zhuāng yǎ,
可以装聋装哑，
you can pretend to be deaf and dumb,
dàn bùyào huàshétiānzú, wéixīn de xiào.
但不要画蛇添足，违心地笑。
but don’t superfluous and laugh against your will.
Yīnwèi zhǐyào nǐ xiào,
因为只要你笑，
Because as long as you laugh,
bùguǎn nǐ duō jīling,
不管你多机灵，
no matter how clever you are,
bùguǎn nǐ yǎnshì dé duōme zhōumì,
不管你掩饰得多么周密，
no matter how careful you cover up,
biérén dōu néng kàn chū nǐ de xiào shì zhēnxīn shíyì,
别人都能看出你的笑是真心实意，
others will be able to see whether your smile is sincere,
háishì xū qíng jiǎyì, zhuāngmúzuòyàng.
还是虚情假意、装模作样。
or fake and pretentious.
Yǒurén bùjīn yào wèn,
有人不禁要问，
Some people can't help asking,
rén shì tōngguò shènme tújìng shìbié “xiào” bèihòu de zhēnshí qínggǎn ne?
人是通过什么途径识别“笑”背后的真实情感呢？
how do people recognize the true emotion behind "laugh"?
Yánjiū zhě fāxiàn,
研究者发现，
Researchers have found that
wǒmen zài tīng dào fā zì nèixīn de xiào shēng hé xūjiǎ de xiào shēng shí,
我们在听到发自内心的笑声和虚假的笑声时，
when we hear laughter from the heart and fake laughter,
dànǎo huì chéngxiàn chū wánquán bùtóng de fǎnyìng.
大脑会呈现出完全不同的反应。
the brain will react completely differently.
Jiǎ xiào shēng huì jīhuó dànǎo zhōng yòng yú pòyì qínggǎn xìnxī de tèdìng qūyù,
假笑声会激活大脑中用于破译情感信息的特定区域，
Fake laughter will activate specific areas of the brain that are used to decipher emotional information.
tóngshí dànǎo huì zìdòng fēnxī jiǎ xiào de yuángù,
同时大脑会自动分析假笑的缘故，
At the same time, the brain will automatically analyze the reason for the fake smile,
jiǎ xiào zhě xiǎng yǐnmán shénme, yǐjí jiǎ xiào zhě de yìxiàng;
假笑者想隐瞒什么，以及假笑者的意向；
what the smirk wants to hide, and the intention of the smirk;
chéngzhì de xiào shēng zé huì jīhuó dànǎo zhōng yǔ kuàilè he jījí qíngxù xiāngguān de qūyù.
诚挚的笑声则会激活大脑中与快乐和积极情绪相关的区域。
sincere laughter activates areas of the brain related to happiness and positive emotions.
Wèile zhèngshí zhè yī lǐlùn,
为了证实这一理论，
To prove this theory,
yīsībùgǒu de yánjiū zhě ràng zhìyuàn zhě qīngtīng wǎngzhàn shìpín zhōng de xiào shēng,
一丝不苟的研究者让志愿者倾听网站视频中的笑声，
strictly according to the rules researchers asked volunteers to listen to laughter in videos on the website,
tóngshí jìlù tāmen dànǎo de fǎnyìng,
同时记录他们大脑的反应，
while recording their brain responses,
bìng jiāng zhìyuàn zhě tīng dào zhēn xiào yǔ jiǎ xiào shí dànǎo de fǎnyìng zuò duìbǐ.
并将志愿者听到真笑与假笑时大脑的反应做对比。
and compared the volunteers' brain responses when they heard real smiles with fake smiles.
Cèshì jiéguǒ yīmùliǎorán,
测试结果一目了然，
The test results are clear at a glance,
zhìyuàn zhě zài yùxiān wèi bèi gàozhī cèshì mùdì de qíngkuàng xià, jǐn píng zhíjué jiù néng zhǔnquè de fēnbiàn chū jiǎ xiào shēng.
志愿者在预先未被告知测试目的的情况下，仅凭直觉就能准确地分辨出假笑声。
and the volunteers can accurately distinguish fake laughter only by intuition without being informed of the purpose of the test in advance.
Tiān ya, rén de dànǎo zhōng jìngrán shēn cángzhe yīshuāng nénggòu tàncè tārén xǐyuè zhī qíng zhēn wěi de yǎnjīng!
天呀，人的大脑中竟然深藏着一双能够探测他人喜悦之情真伪的眼睛！
My God, there is a pair of eyes hidden deep in the human brain that can detect the truth of the joy of others!
Yánjiū zhě zhǐchū:
研究者指出：
The researcher pointed out:
“Rénlèi dànǎo duìyú xiào shēng zhōng suǒ yǐn hán de shèhuì hé qínggǎn xìnxī fēicháng mǐngǎn,
“人类大脑对于笑声中所隐含的社会和情感信息非常敏感，
"The human brain is very sensitive to the social and emotional information implicit in laughter,
zhè bù wánquán shì zhìshāng wèntí.
这不完全是智商问题。
which is not entirely an IQ problem.
Dāng zhìyuàn zhě tīng dào xiào shēng shí,
当志愿者听到笑声时，
When volunteers hear laughter,
huì kāiqǐ dànǎo zhōng yǔ xīnzhì xiāngguān de qūyù,
会开启大脑中与心智相关的区域，
they will turn on the areas of the brain related to the mind,
cóng'ér huòzhī tārén de qínggǎn huò jīngshén zhuàngtài,
从而获知他人的情感或精神状态，
so as to know the emotional or mental state of others.
yǒuxiē zhìyuàn zhě hái dòngyòngle dànǎo zhōng kòngzhì yùndòng hé gǎnzhī de bùfèn,
有些志愿者还动用了大脑中控制运动和感知的部分，
Some volunteers also used the part of the brain that controls movement and perception
jìn'ér gèng jīngzhǔn de tíliàn chū zhēn jiǎ xiào shēng bèihòu de xìnxī.”
进而更精准地提炼出真假笑声背后的信息。”
to more accurately extract the information behind real and fake laughter. "
(Èr) xiào wèibì shì zuì jiā liángyào（二）笑未必是最佳良药 (2) Laughter may not be the best medicine
Zhōngguó rén xǐhuan tīng xiàngsheng, yīnwèi tā dòuxiào.
中国人喜欢听相声，因为它逗笑。
Chinese people like to listen to cross talk because it makes people laugh.
“Xiào yǒuyì yú jiànkāng” jīhū dédàole quán shìjiè de rènkě,
“笑有益于健康”几乎得到了全世界的认可，
"Laughter is good for health" has been recognized almost all over the world.
“xiào yīxiào shí niánshào” “yīxiào jiě qiān chóu” bùjǐn bèi dàjiā rènkě,
“笑一笑十年少” “一笑解千愁”不仅被大家认可，
"Laughing for ten years" and "Smile for a thousand sorrows" is not only recognized by everyone,
shènzhì bèi yīxiē rén dàng zuò shēnghuó de zuòyòumíng.
甚至被一些人当作生活的座右铭。
but even taken as the motto of life by some people.
Zhōngguó rén shēnxìn kāihuái dà xiào yě hǎo, hāhā shǎxiào yěbà, nǎpà shì sīxià lǐ tōutōu de xiào, dōu huì shì shēnghuó zhōng zuì tōngyòng, érqiě guǎnyòng de zhì bìng liáng fāng.
中国人深信开怀大笑也好，哈哈傻笑也罢，哪怕是私下里偷偷地笑，都会是生活中最通用，而且管用的治病良方。
The Chinese are convinced that laughter or smirk, even if it is secretly laughing, will be the most versatile and effective cure in life.
Yǒu yánjiū zhèngshí,
有研究证实，
Studies have confirmed that
xiào kěyǐ tiáojié qíngxù,
笑可以调节情绪，
laughter can regulate mood,
kěyǐ cùjìn xiěyè xúnhuán hé fù jī shōusuō,
可以促进血液循环和腹肌收缩，
promote blood circulation and contract abdominal muscles.
100 cì pěngfù dà xiào suǒ xīshōu de yǎngqì xiāngdāng yú yòng jiǎng huáchuán 10 fēnzhōng de xī yǎng liàng.
100次捧腹大笑所吸收的氧气相当于用桨划船10分钟的吸氧量。
The oxygen absorbed by 100 abdominal laughter is equivalent to the amount of oxygen absorbed by rowing a boat for 10 minutes.
Yǒurén zuòguò zhèyàng de shìyàn,
有人做过这样的试验，
Someone has done such an experiment.
kāihuái dà xiào yī zhěng tiān, kěyǐ ránshāo diào 2000 kǎlùlǐ,
开怀大笑一整天，可以燃烧掉2000卡路里,
Laughing for a whole day can burn 2,000 calories,
cóng'ér bāngzhù xiāohào zhīfáng, jiǎnqīng tǐzhòng,
从而帮助消耗脂肪，减轻体重，
which can help burn fat and reduce weight.
tóngshí, xiào yǒu zhù yú huǎnjiě dòngmài yìnghuà, yǒu zhù yú xiāochú jǐnzhāng gǎn,
同时，笑有助于缓解动脉硬化，有助于消除紧张感，
At the same time, laughter helps relieve arteriosclerosis and relieve tension.
zhè jiùshì xiào yǒu lìyú jiànkāng de shí zhí xìng de zhèngjù.
这就是笑有利于健康的实质性的证据。
This is how laughter is good for Substantial evidence of health.
Rán'ér, xiào, zhēnde shì rénshēng lǚtú zhōng de zuì jiā liángyào ma?
然而，笑，真的是人生旅途中的最佳良药吗？
However, laughter is really the best medicine on the journey of life?
Dá'àn sìhū bùshì nàme kěndìng.
答案似乎不是那么肯定。
The answer does not seem so sure.
Yǒu yánjiū rényuán biǎoshì,
有研究人员表示，
Some researchers say that
xiào yě bùshì yǒu bǎi yì ér wú yī hài de,
笑也不是有百益而无一害的，
laughter is not all beneficial and harmless,
yǒushí tā hái huì chǎnshēng fùzuòyòng.
有时它还会产生副作用。
and sometimes it has side effects.
Yǒu yīshēng jiù pèng dàoguò zhèyàng de ànlì:
有医生就碰到过这样的案例：
Some doctors have encountered such cases:
Yǒurén zài sìwújìdàn de xiào guòhòu yīn xīntiào jiāsù ér hūnmí,
有人在肆无忌惮地笑过后因心跳加速而昏迷，
Someone laughed unscrupulously and then became unconscious due to a fast heartbeat,
ér dà xiào dào “jīhū xiào pò dùpí” kěnéng huì dǎozhì chàqì,
而大笑到“几乎笑破肚皮”可能会导致岔气，
and laughed to the point that the "laughing almost broke the belly" may cause discomfort,
xīnzàng bù shūfu, shènzhì sǔnhuài réntǐ jiànkāng.
心脏不舒服，甚至损坏人体健康。
heart discomfort, and even damage to human health.
Xīn de yánjiū jiéguǒ duì xiào “yǒu bǎi yì ér wú yī hài” de guāndiǎn tíchūle tiǎozhàn,
新的研究结果对笑“有百益而无一害”的观点提出了挑战，
The new research results challenge the view that laughter has "all benefits but no harm".
sìhū gèng qīngxiàng yú xiào bùshì huàishì,
似乎更倾向于笑不是坏事，
It seems that laughter is not a bad thing,
dàn fēncùn yào zhǎngwò dé qiàdàohǎochù.
但分寸要掌握得恰到好处。
but it must be properly controlled.
Kěshì duōshù rén háishì shēnxìn, xiào de shìfēi wúxū tàntǎo,
可是多数人还是深信，笑的是非无须探讨，
But most people are still convinced that there is no need to discuss whether you are laughing or not.
rènhé xíngshì de yōumò, shānghài fēngxiǎn dōu bù gāo,
任何形式的幽默，伤害风险都不高，
Any form of humor does not have a high risk of harm,
qí shōuyì zé shì xiǎn'éryìjiàn de,
其收益则是显而易见的，
and the benefits are obvious.
kuàngqiě, zhēnshi hǎo péngyǒu zài yīqǐ, gāoxìngle, qǐ qǐhòng, huò shì yù dàole kāixīn shì,
况且，真是好朋友在一起，高兴了，起起哄，或是遇到了开心事，
Besides, it is really good friends who are together, happy, booing, or having a happy event,
nǎlǐ hái gù dé shàng zhēnzhuó fēncùn zhǎngwò dé qiàdàng bù qiàdàng ne?
哪里还顾得上斟酌分寸掌握得恰当不恰当呢？
Where can still consider whether it is appropriate or not?
Fēnbié gǎibiān zì “cānkǎo xiāoxī” tóngmíng wénzhāng
分别改编自《参考消息》同名文章
Respectively adapted from the article of the same name in "Reference News"
Full Translation
A memorandum of laughing
(1) The brain can "hear" the true and false of laughter
How can this be so? We hear vulgar, inferior jokes and smirk twice, and can't be perfunctory? However, it does not seem to work. You guys, if you don’t want to be embarrassed and don’t want others to discover that you are making a hypocritical, counterintuitive laugh, you can avoid it, you can refrain from expressing your position, you can change the topic, you can pretend to be deaf and dumb, but don’t superfluous and laugh against your will.
Because as long as you laugh, no matter how clever you are, no matter how careful you cover up, others will be able to see whether your smile is sincere, or fake and pretentious. Some people can't help asking, how do people recognize the true emotion behind "laugh"?
Researchers have found that when we hear laughter from the heart and fake laughter, the brain will react completely differently. Fake laughter will activate specific areas of the brain that are used to decipher emotional information. At the same time, the brain will automatically analyze the reason for the fake smile, what the smirk wants to hide, and the intention of the smirk; sincere laughter activates areas of the brain related to happiness and positive emotions.
To prove this theory, strictly according to the rules researchers asked volunteers to listen to laughter in videos on the website, while recording their brain responses, and compared the volunteers' brain responses when they heard real smiles with fake smiles. The test results are clear at a glance, and the volunteers can accurately distinguish fake laughter only by intuition without being informed of the purpose of the test in advance.
My God, there is a pair of eyes hidden deep in the human brain that can detect the truth of the joy of others! The researcher pointed out: "The human brain is very sensitive to the social and emotional information implicit in laughter, which is not entirely an IQ problem.
When volunteers hear laughter, they will turn on the areas of the brain related to the mind,
so as to know the emotional or mental state of others. Some volunteers also used the part of the brain that controls movement and perception to more accurately extract the information behind real and fake laughter."
(2) Laughter may not be the best medicine
Chinese people like to listen to cross talk because it makes people laugh. "Laughter is good for health" has been recognized almost all over the world. "Laughing for ten years" and "Smile for a thousand sorrows" is not only recognized by everyone, but even taken as the motto of life by some people.
The Chinese are convinced that laughter or smirk, even if it is secretly laughing, will be the most versatile and effective cure in life.
Studies have confirmed that laughter can regulate mood, promote blood circulation and contract abdominal muscles. The oxygen absorbed by 100 abdominal laughter is equivalent to the amount of oxygen absorbed by rowing a boat for 10 minutes.
Someone has done such an experiment. Laughing for a whole day can burn 2,000 calories, which can help burn fat and reduce weight. At the same time, laughter helps relieve arteriosclerosis and relieve tension. This is how laughter is good for Substantial evidence of health. However, laughter is really the best medicine on the journey of life?
The answer does not seem so sure. Some researchers say that laughter is not all beneficial and harmless, and sometimes it has side effects. Some doctors have encountered such cases: Someone laughed unscrupulously and then became unconscious due to a fast heartbeat, and laughed to the point that the "laughing almost broke the belly" may cause discomfort, heart discomfort, and even damage to human health.
The new research results challenge the view that laughter has "all benefits but no harm". It seems that laughter is not a bad thing, but it must be properly controlled. But most people are still convinced that there is no need to discuss whether you are laughing or not.
Any form of humor does not have a high risk of harm, and the benefits are obvious. Besides, it is really good friends who are together, happy, booing, or having a happy event, where can still consider whether it is appropriate or not? Respectively adapted from the article of the same name in "Reference News"
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