Lesson 27 完璧归赵
Returning the jade intact to the State of Zhao
Wánbìguīzhào
完璧归赵
Returning the jade intact to the State of Zhao
Zhànguó hòuqí, Qín guó zuì qiáng.
战国后期，秦国最强。
In the late Warring States period, Qin was the strongest.
Qínwáng dé zhī zhào wáng dédào yīkuài jiào “hé shì bì” de bǎoyù,
秦王得知赵王得到一块叫 “和氏璧” 的宝玉，
King Qin learned that King Zhao had been given a piece of precious jade called "Heshibi"
chuánhuà gěi zhào wáng,
传话给赵王，
and sent a message to King Zhao,
shuō yuàn yòng shíwǔ zuò chéng huàn hé shì bì.
说愿用十五座城换和氏璧。
saying that he would exchange 15 cities for Heshibi.
Zhào wáng zuǒyòu wéinán,
赵王左右为难，
King Zhao was in a dilemma
bùzhī rúhé dáfù qínwáng:
不知如何答复秦王：
and didn't know how to reply to King Qin:
Dāyìng ba, pà shàngdàng shòupiàn-gěile hé shì bì, ná bù dào chéng;
答应吧，怕上当受骗－给了和氏璧，拿不到城；
Promise it, for fear of being deceived-give it to Heshibi, but can't get the city;
bù dāyìng ba, yòu pà dézuì qín guó.
不答应吧，又怕得罪秦国。
don't agree, and fear that it will offend the State of Qin.
Yúshì, gǎnmáng zhàojí dàchén shāngyì duìcè.
于是，赶忙召集大臣商议对策。
So, he hurriedly convened ministers to discuss countermeasures.
Dàchénmen yě méiyǒu hǎo bànfǎ.
大臣们也没有好办法。
The ministers have no good way.
Yǒurén tíyì,
有人提议，
Someone suggested that
lìnxiāngrú jiàn duō shì guǎng, yǒu yǒng yǒu móu,
蔺相如见多识广，有勇有谋，
Lin Xiangru is knowledgeable and courageous
kěyǐ tīng tīng tā zěnme shuō.
可以听听他怎么说。
and you can listen to what he said.
Zhào wáng qǐng láile Lìnxiāngrú, bìng qīnzì xiàng tā qǐngjiào.
赵王请来了蔺相如，并亲自向他请教。
King Zhao invited Lin Xiangru and asked him personally.
Lìnxiāngrú shuō: “Qín qiáng zhào ruò, píng shílì,
蔺相如说：“秦强赵弱，凭实力，
Lin Xiangru said: "Qin is strong and Zhao is weak.
wǒmen bù dāyìng bùxíng;
我们不答应不行；
We can't promise if we don't agree with strength;
Qín yǐ shíwǔ zuò chéng huàn yīkuài yù, yě suàn kāngkǎi,
秦以十五座城换一块玉，也算慷慨，
Qin is generous with fifteen cities in exchange for a piece of jade,
bìng wèi kuīdài Zhào guó,
并未亏待赵国，
and he has not treated the State of Zhao wrongly.
ruò bù dāyìng, guòcuò zài zhào;
若不答应，过错在赵；
If he does not agree, Zhao is at fault;
ruò jiāng hé shì bì sòng qù, Qín bù jiāo chū chéng lái,
若将和氏璧送去，秦不交出城来，
If Heshibi is sent, Qin will not surrender to the city,
nàme cuò jiù zài Qínle, yīncǐ wǒmen zhǐyǒu sòng hé shì bì.”
那么错就在秦了，因此我们只有送和氏璧。”
then Qin's fault is, so we can only send Heshibi."
Zhào wáng shuō: “Nà jiù qǐng xiānshēng jíkè dòngshēn qián qù cuōshāng.”
赵王说：“那就请先生即刻动身前去磋商。”
Wang Zhao said: "Then please go to consult immediately, Mr.".
Lìnxiāngrú shuō: “Dàwáng pài wǒ qù, shì wǒ de róngxìng.
蔺相如说：“大王派我去，是我的荣幸。
Lin Xiangru said: "It is my honor for the king to send me.
Cǐ qù Qín guó, Qín ruòshì jiāole chéng, wǒ biàn bǎ bì liú xià;
此去秦国，秦若是交了城，我便把壁留下；
When I went to Qin, if Qin handed over the city, I would leave the wall behind;
bù jiāo chéng, wǒ yīdìng wánbìguīzhào.”
不交城，我一定完璧归赵。”
if I didn’t hand over the city, I would definitely return to Zhao."
Lìnxiāngrú dàizhe hé shì bì dàole Qín guó,
蔺相如带着和氏壁到了秦国，
Lin Xiangru took Heshibi to Qin,
zhuǎndále Zhào wáng de wènhòu, bǎ yù xiàn gěile qínwáng.
转达了赵王的问候，把玉献给了秦王。
conveyed the greetings of King Zhao, and presented the jade to King Qin.
Qínwáng duìzhe hé shì bì zuǒ kàn yòu kàn, àibùshìshǒu.
秦王对着和氏璧左看右看，爱不释手。
King Qin looked left and right at He Shibi, be fond of it.
Lìnxiāngrú děngle bàntiān bùjiàn Qínwáng tí huàn chéng zhī shì,
蔺相如等了半天不见秦王提换城之事，
Lin Xiangru waited for a long time without seeing King Qin mentioning the change of the city,
xīn xiǎng guǒrán shìgè quāntào, kě bì zài qínwáng shǒu lǐ,
心想果然是个圈套，可璧在秦王手里，
thinking it was a trap, but Bi was in King Qin's hands,
zěnme bǎ bì ná huílái ne?
怎么把璧拿回来呢？
how could he get Bi back?
Zuǒsī yòu xiǎng zhīhòu, tā duì Qínwáng shuō:
左思右想之后，他对秦王说：
After thinking about it, he said to King Qin:
“Zhè bì yǒudiǎnr xiǎo máobìng,
“这璧有点儿小毛病，
"This Bi is a little problematic,
qǐng dàwáng bǎ bì guīhuán yú wǒ, wǒ zhǐ gěi dàwáng kàn.”
请大王把璧归还于我，我指给大王看。”
please return Bi to me, and I will show it to the King."
Qínwáng bǎ bì dì gěi lìnxiāngrú.
秦王把璧递给蔺相如。
King Qin handed Bi to Lin Xiangru.
Lìnxiāngrú cóngróng de zhàn zài diàn zhōngyāng,
蔺相如从容地站在殿中央，
Lin Xiangru calmly stood in the center of the hall,
shǒu bào hé shì bì shuō:
手抱和氏璧说：
holding Heshibi, and said:
“Dàwáng pài rén dào Zhào guó,
“大王派人到赵国，
"The king sent someone to Zhao country
shuō yòng shíwǔ zuò chéng huàn Zhào guó de bì.
说用十五座城换赵国的璧。
and said that fifteen cities would be used to exchange Zhao country's Bi.
Zhào wáng pài wǒ jiāng bì sòng lái.
赵王派我将璧送来。
Wang Zhao sent me to send Bi.
Kě dàwáng nín hǎoxiàng bìng méiyǒu duìxiàn de chéngyì.
可大王您好像并没有兑现的诚意。
But you don't seem to have the sincerity to honor it, King.
Rújīn bì zài wǒ shǒu lǐ,
如今璧在我手里，
Now that Bi is in my hands,
xiǎng bù jiāo chéng ná zǒu bì, nà shì wàngxiǎng.”
想不交城拿走璧，那是妄想。”
it is a delusion to want to take Bi without paying the city. "
Lìnxiāngrú fà shì, rúruò bī tā,
蔺相如发誓，如若逼他，
Lin Xiangru swears that if he is forced,
jiù jiāng zìjǐ de tóu hé bì yīqǐ zhuàng suì zài zhùzi shàng,
就将自己的头和璧一起撞碎在柱子上，
he will smash his head and Bi on the pillar together.
Qínwáng kàn dào de jiāng shì tā de shītǐ hé pòsuì de yù.
秦王看到的将是他的尸体和破碎的玉。
King Qin will see his corpse and broken jade.
Qínwáng liánmáng shuō:
秦王连忙说：
King Qin quickly said,
“Bié wùhuì, wǒ zěnme huì sāhuǎng ne?”
“别误会，我怎么会撒谎呢？”
"Don't get me wrong, how could I lie?"
Máng mìng dàchén ná chū dìtú,
忙命大臣拿出地图，
Busily ordered the minister to take out the map,
bǎ shíwǔ zuò chéng zhǐ gěi Lìnxiāngrú kàn.
把十五座城指给蔺相如看。
and point out the fifteen cities to Lin Xiangru.
Lìnxiāngrú háishì bù gǎn xiāngxìn qínwáng, shuō:
蔺相如还是不敢相信秦王，说：
Lin Xiangru still couldn't believe King Qin, saying:
“Zhào wáng sòng bì zhīqián, jǔxíngle lóngzhòng de yíshì:
“赵王送璧之前，举行了隆重的仪式：
"Before King Zhao gave the bi, a grand ceremony was held:
Mùyù gēngyī, jiè diào hūnxīng, zhǐ chī sùshí, yǐ shì zhuāngyán.
沐浴更衣，戒掉荤腥，只吃素食，以示庄严。
bathing and changing clothes, quitting fishy, eating only vegetarian food, to show solemnity.
Wǒ bìngfēi wúlǐqǔnào, yě bùshì màofàn dàwáng.
我并非无理取闹，也不是冒犯大王。
I am not making trouble unreasonably, nor am I offending the king.
Dàwáng rú zhēnxīn huàn bì,
大王如真心换璧，
If you really want to change the bi,
yì qǐng jǔxíng tóngyàng de yíshì,
亦请举行同样的仪式，我才敢把璧献给您。”
please hold the same ceremony,
wǒ cái gǎn bǎ bì xiàn gěi nín.”
亦请举行同样的仪式，我才敢把璧献给您。”
so I dare to dedicate bi to you. "
Qínwáng xiǎng, bì dōu dàole wǒ zhèr,
秦王想，璧都到了我这儿，
King Qin thought, Bi has arrived at my place,
wǒ hái pà tā pǎo liǎo bùchéng?
我还怕他跑了不成？
and I'm afraid he won't be able to run away?
Jiù shuō: “Hǎo, jiù yī nǐ.”
就说：“好，就依你。”
Just say: "Okay, it's up to you."
Lìnxiāngrú huí dào zhùchù,
蔺相如回到住处，
Lin Xiangru returned to his residence
lìkè pài rén dǎbàn chéng shāngrén de múyàng,
立刻派人打扮成商人的模样，
and immediately sent someone to dress up as a businessman,
tōutōu yuèguò biānjìng, bǎ bì sòng huíle Zhào guó,
偷偷越过边境，把璧送回了赵国，
cross the border secretly, and sent Bi back to the State of Zhao,
bìng zhǔfù shēnbiān de rén, bùkě xièlòu mìmì.
并嘱咐身边的人，不可泄露秘密。
and asked those around him not to reveal the secret.
Wǔ tiānhòu, qínwáng shuàilǐng zhòng chén, zhǔnbèi jiēshōu hé shì bì.
五天后，秦王率领众臣，准备接收和氏璧。
Five days later, King Qin led all his officials and prepared to take over Heshibi.
Lìnxiāngrú zhènjìng de duì qínwáng shuō:
蔺相如镇静地对秦王说：
Lin Xiangru calmly said to King Qin:
“Qín guó zhàngzhe guólì xiónghòu,
“秦国仗着国力雄厚，
"Qin has always relied on its strong national strength,
yīguàn bàdào,
一贯霸道，
has always been domineering,
bù jiǎng xìnyòng, shēngyù bù hǎo,
不讲信用，声誉不好，
does not emphasize credibility, and has a bad reputation.
shìqíng wǒ jiù bù yīyī lièjǔle,
事情我就不一一列举了，
I will not list all of the things.
jīntiān, wǒ pà dàwáng nín bù lǚ háng chéngnuò,
今天，我怕大王您不履行承诺，
Today, I am afraid that you will not fulfill your promise,
yǐjīng bǎ bì sòng huíle Zhào guó.”
已经把璧送回了赵国。”
and Bi has been sent back to the country of Zhao. "
Qínwáng tīng hòu dà nù, shuō:
秦王听后大怒，说：
When King Qin heard this, he was furious, and said,
“Wǒ tángtáng Qínwáng, hái huì piàn nǐ bùchéng?
“我堂堂秦王，还会骗你不成？
"I'm magnificent King Qin, and I will lie to you?
Nǐ zhè bùshì wāiqū wǒ de yìsi ma?”
你这不是歪曲我的意思吗？”
Aren't you distorting my meaning?
Lìnxiāngrú lǐzhíqìzhuàng de shuō:
蔺相如理直气壮地说：
Lin Xiangru said frankly:
“Zhòngsuǒzhōuzhī, Qín qiáng zhào ruò.
“众所周知，秦强赵弱。
"As everyone knows, Qin is strong and Zhao is weak.
Tiānxià zhǐ kěnéng qiángguó qīfù ruò guó,
天下只可能强国欺负弱国，
The world can only bully a weak country by a strong country,
bù kěnéng ruò guó yāpò qiángguó.
不可能弱国压迫强国。
and it is impossible for a weak country to oppress a powerful country.
Dàwáng zhēn yào nà kuài bì dehuà,
大王真要那块璧的话，
If the king really wants that piece of Bi,
bùyào guāng kǒutóu shuō,
不要光口头说，
don't just say it,
qǐng xiān bǎ shíwǔ zuò chéng gēràng gěi Zhào guó,
请先把十五座城割让给赵国，
please cede 15 cities to Zhao Guo first.
Zhào dédào shíwǔ zuò chéng, jué bù gǎn bù bǎ bì jiāo chūlái.”
赵得到十五座城，绝不敢不把璧交出来。”
Zhao gets 15 cities, and he will never dare not hand over Bi. "
Qínwáng tīng Lìnxiāngrú shuō dé zài lǐ, zhǐdé zhuāng chū yī fù gāozītài shuō:
秦王听蔺相如说得在理，只得装出一副高姿态说：
Hearing that Lin Xiangru was right, King Qin had to pretend to say,
“Bù jiùshì yīkuài yù ma,
“不就是一块玉嘛，
"Isn't it just a piece of jade,
Qín Zhào liǎng guó zǒng bùnéng wéi zhè diǎnr xiǎoshì nào chū géhé, zàiqǐ zhēngduān.”
秦赵两国总不能为这点儿小事闹出隔阂，再起争端。”
Qin and Zhao can't create a quarrel over this trivial matter and start a dispute again."
Lìnxiāngrú guī zhào yǐhòu,
蔺相如归赵以后，
After Lin Xiangru returned to Zhao,
Qín guó zài yě méiyǒu tíguò yǐ chéng huàn yù de shìqíng.
秦国再也没有提过以城换玉的事情。
Qin never mentioned the exchange of city for jade.
Gǎibiān zì “xué shèngrén wù zuòrén” wénzhāng “wánbìguīzhào”, biānzhù: Ōuyáng mǐn
改编自《学圣人 悟做人》文章《完璧归赵》，编著：欧阳敏
Adapted from "Learning a Sage, Enlightenment to Be a Man" article "End Bigui Zhao", edited by: Ouyang Min
Full Translation:
Returning the jade intact to the State of Zhao
In the late Warring States period, Qin was the strongest. King Qin learned that King Zhao had been given a piece of precious jade called "Heshibi" and sent a message to King Zhao, saying that he would exchange 15 cities for Heshibi. King Zhao was in a dilemma and didn't know how to reply to King Qin: Promise it, for fear of being deceived-give it to Heshibi, but can't get the city; don't agree, and fear that it will offend the State of Qin.
So, he hurriedly convened ministers to discuss countermeasures. The ministers have no good way. Someone suggested that Lin Xiangru is knowledgeable and courageous, and you can listen to what he said. King Zhao invited Lin Xiangru and asked him personally.
Lin Xiangru said: "Qin is strong and Zhao is weak. We can't promise if we don't agree with strength; Qin is generous with fifteen cities in exchange for a piece of jade, and he has not treated the State of Zhao wrongly. If he does not agree, Zhao is at fault; If Heshibi is sent, Qin will not surrender to the city,then Qin's fault is, so we can only send Heshibi."
Wang Zhao said: "Then please go to consult immediately, Mr.".
Lin Xiangru said: "It is my honor for the king to send me. When I went to Qin, if Qin handed over the city, I would leave the wall behind; if I didn’t hand over the city, I would definitely return to Zhao."
Lin Xiangru took Heshibi to Qin, conveyed the greetings of King Zhao, and presented the jade to King Qin. King Qin looked left and right at He Shibi, be fond of it. Lin Xiangru waited for a long time without seeing King Qin mentioning the change of the city, thinking it was a trap, but Bi was in King Qin's hands, how could he get Bi back? After thinking about it, he said to King Qin: "This Bi is a little problematic, please return Bi to me, and I will show it to the King."
King Qin handed Bi to Lin Xiangru. Lin Xiangru calmly stood in the center of the hall, holding Heshibi, and said: "The king sent someone to Zhao country and said that fifteen cities would be used to exchange Zhao country's Bi. Wang Zhao sent me to send Bi. But you don't seem to have the sincerity to honor it, King.
Now that Bi is in my hands, it is a delusion to want to take Bi without paying the city." Lin Xiangru swears that if he is forced, he will smash his head and Bi on the pillar together. King Qin will see his corpse and broken jade.
King Qin quickly said, "Don't get me wrong, how could I lie?" Busily ordered the minister to take out the map, and point out the fifteen cities to Lin Xiangru.
Lin Xiangru still couldn't believe King Qin, saying: "Before King Zhao gave the bi, a grand ceremony was held: bathing and changing clothes, quitting fishy, eating only vegetarian food, to show solemnity. I am not making trouble unreasonably, nor am I offending the king. If you really want to change the bi, please hold the same ceremony, so I dare to dedicate bi to you."
King Qin thought, Bi has arrived at my place, and I'm afraid he won't be able to run away?
Just say: "Okay, it's up to you." Lin Xiangru returned to his residence and immediately sent someone to dress up as a businessman, cross the border secretly, and sent Bi back to the State of Zhao, and asked those around him not to reveal the secret. Five days later, King Qin led all his officials and prepared to take over Heshibi.
Lin Xiangru calmly said to King Qin: "Qin has always relied on its strong national strength, has always been domineering, does not emphasize credibility, and has a bad reputation. I will not list all of the things.
Today, I am afraid that you will not fulfill your promise, and Bi has been sent back to the country of Zhao. "
When King Qin heard this, he was furious, and said, "I'm magnificent King Qin, and I will lie to you? Aren't you distorting my meaning?
Lin Xiangru said frankly: "As everyone knows, Qin is strong and Zhao is weak. The world can only bully a weak country by a strong country, and it is impossible for a weak country to oppress a powerful country. If the king really wants that piece of Bi, don't just say it, please cede 15 cities to Zhao Guo first.
Zhao gets 15 cities, and he will never dare not hand over Bi. " Hearing that Lin Xiangru was right, King Qin had to pretend to say, "Isn't it just a piece of jade, Qin and Zhao can't create a quarrel over this trivial matter and start a dispute again." After Lin Xiangru returned to Zhao, Qin never mentioned the exchange of city for jade.
Adapted from "Learning a Sage, Enlightenment to Be a Man" article "End Bigui Zhao", edited by: Ouyang Min
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