Lesson 34 鸟儿的护肤术
How birds take care of their feathers
Niǎor de hùfū shù
鸟儿的护肤术
How birds take care of their feathers
大家都接触过鸟儿吧？
Have you all been in contact with birds?
Nà nǐ zhīdao niǎor zuì zhòngyào de tèzhēng shì shénme ma?
那你知道鸟儿最重要的特征是什么吗？
Do you know what is the most important characteristic of a bird?
Shì yǒu chìbǎng huì fēi?
是有翅膀会飞？
Does it fly with wings?
Háishì chī kūnchóng?
还是吃昆虫？
Or eat insects?
Zuòwéi yī zhǐ niǎor,
作为一只鸟儿，
As a bird,
bùguǎn shì tiānkōng zhōng fēi de,
不管是天空中飞的，
whether it is flying in the sky,
lùdì shàng zǒu de,
陆地上走的，
walking on land,
huòzhě néng rùshuǐ de,
或者能入水的，
or able to enter the water,
dōu bìxū yǒngyǒu yǔmáo.
都必须拥有羽毛。
it must have feathers.
Méi cuòr,
没错儿，
That's right,
qūfēn niǎo er hé qítā dòngwù de wéiyī tèzhēng jiùshì yǔmáo,
区分鸟儿和其他动物的唯一特征就是羽毛，
the only feature that distinguishes birds from other animals is their feathers,
ér bùshì huì bù huì fēi!
而不是会不会飞！
not whether they can fly!
Yǔmáo de zuòyòng hěnduō,
羽毛的作用很多，
Feathers have many functions,
jì kěyǐ bǎonuǎn, yòu kěyǐ bǎohù pífū;
既可以保暖，又可以保护皮肤；
not only to keep warm, but also to protect the skin;
yǔmáo shàng de yánsè hé bān hái néng chōngdāng bǎohùsè;
羽毛上的颜色和斑还能充当保护色；
the color and spots on the feathers can also act as a protective color;
dāngrán, gèng guānjiàn de shì, yǔmáo yǒu zhù yú fēixíng;
当然，更关键的是，羽毛有助于飞行；
of course, more importantly, the feathers help flight;
shènzhì hái yǒu yīxiē niǎor de bùfèn yǔmáo yǒu “chùjué”.
甚至还有一些鸟儿的部分羽毛有 “触觉”。
even some of the feathers of some birds have a "sense of touch".
Zǒngzhī, zài niǎor de shēnghuó zhōng, yǔmáo chōngdāngzhe shí fèn zhòngyào de juésè.
总之，在鸟儿的生活中，羽毛充当着十分重要的角色。
In short, feathers play a very important role in a bird's life.
Suǒyǐ, niǎor fēicháng àixī yǔmáo,
所以，鸟儿非常爱惜羽毛，
Therefore, birds cherish feathers very much
měitiān dōu huì huā hěn cháng shíjiān lái bǎoyǎng zìjǐ de “yǔyī”.
每天都会花很长时间来保养自己的 “羽衣”。
and spend a long time every day to maintain their "feathers".
Zhěnglǐ yǔmáo shì bǎoyǎng de jīběngōng,
整理羽毛是保养的基本功，
Arranging feathers is the basic skill of maintenance.
tāmen zhǐyào yǒu shíjiān,
它们只要有时间，
As long as they have time,
jiù huì qíngbùzìjīn de bèi guòtóu qù, fǎnfù de zhuózhe yǔmáo,
就会情不自禁地背过头去，反复地啄着羽毛，
they can't help turning their heads back and pecking at the feathers repeatedly,
jiù xiàng suíshēn dàile yī bǎ shūzi shū tóufǎ yīyàng,
就像随身带了一把梳子梳头发一样，
just like carrying a comb to comb their hair.
shùnbiàn shàng shàng yóu, ràng yǔmáo gèng guānghuá.
顺便上上油，让羽毛更光滑。
They are oiled by the way to make the feathers smoother.
Lìngwài, niǎor zài lǐ máo de shíhòu, hái huì zhuā chū yīdiǎnr jìshēng chóng.
另外，鸟儿在理毛的时候，还会抓出一点儿寄生虫。
In addition, when the bird is grooming, it will catch some parasites.
Háo wú yíwèn, xǐzǎo yěshì bǎoyǎng de yī dà jīběn xiàngmù.
毫无疑问，洗澡也是保养的一大基本项目。
There is no doubt that bathing is also a basic item of maintenance.
Bùguò, niǎor xǐzǎo yòng bùzháo féizào,
不过，鸟儿洗澡用不着肥皂，
However, the birds do not need soap for bathing,
érqiě bùtóng zhǒnglèi de niǎor xuǎnzé de “zǎotáng” yě bù yīyàng,
而且不同种类的鸟儿选择的 “澡堂” 也不一样，
and different kinds of birds choose different "bathrooms".
gàikuò lái shuō, jiùshì yǐ fāngbiàn wèi yuánzé.
概括来说，就是以方便为原则。
In a nutshell, convenience is the principle.
Bǐrú, hǎi niǎo zài dǎoyǔ shàng shēnghuó, jiù huì xuǎnzé hǎishuǐ;
比如，海鸟在岛屿上生活，就会选择海水；
For example, when seabirds live on islands, they will choose sea water;
zhī gēng niǎo xǐhuan lù páng de qiǎnshuǐ kēng;
知更鸟喜欢路旁的浅水坑；
robins like shallow puddles along the road;
hándài de niǎo ne,
寒带的鸟呢，
birds in cold regions,
yīnwèi jiānghé chítáng bù hǎo zhǎo, zhǐhǎo yǐ xuědài shuǐ;
因为江河池塘不好找，只好以雪代水；
because rivers and ponds are hard to find, so they have to use snow instead of water;
ér lǎoyīng de xǐzǎo fāngshì gèng shì zhíjiē,
而老鹰的洗澡方式更是直接，
while eagles bathe more directly.
tāmen huì zài yǔzhōng zhāngkāishuāng chì tòngkuài de yíngjiē xǐlǐ!
它们会在雨中张开双翅痛快地迎接洗礼！
They will spread their wings in the rain to welcome the baptism happily!
Shā yù yěshì yīxiē niǎor xǐhuan de bǎoyǎng fāngshì.
沙浴也是一些鸟儿喜欢的保养方式。
Sand bathing is also a favorite maintenance method for some birds.
Suǒwèi shā yù, jiùshì yòng shāzi xǐzǎo,
所谓沙浴，就是用沙子洗澡，
The so-called sand bath is bathing with sand.
tāmen zhī suǒyǐ fàngqìle yòngshuǐ xǐzǎo, zài hěn dà chéngdù shàng hé tāmen de shēnghuó huánjìng yǒuguān,
它们之所以放弃了用水洗澡，在很大程度上和它们的生活环境有关，
The reason why they give up bathing with water is largely related to their living environment.
tāmen dàduō shēnghuó zài shāmò děng gānzào de huánjìng, ài zài dìmiàn shàng huódòng.
它们大多生活在沙漠等干燥的环境，爱在地面上活动。
Most of them live in dry environments such as deserts and love to move on the ground.
Lìngwài, shuìmián shì niǎormen zuì jiā de bǎoyǎng fāngshì,
另外，睡眠是鸟儿们最佳的保养方式，
In addition, sleep is the best way for birds to maintain.
suīrán wǒmen hěn shǎo kàn dào shuìmián zhōng de niǎor,
虽然我们很少看到睡眠中的鸟儿，
Although we rarely see birds in sleep,
nà shì yīnwèi tāmen tōngcháng huì xúnzhǎo yī chù mìmì de dìfāng xiūxi.
那是因为它们通常会寻找一处秘密的地方休息。
it is because they usually look for a secret place to rest.
Dà duōshù niǎor 1 tiān dàyuē shuì 8 xiǎoshí,
大多数鸟儿1天大约睡8小时，
Most birds sleep for about 8 hours a day,
yǒuxiē niǎor chàbùduō yào shuì 1 tiān,
有些鸟儿差不多要睡1天，
some birds sleep for almost a day,
ér lìng yīxiē niǎor jīhū yīdiǎnr jué yě bùyòng shuì.
而另一些鸟儿几乎一点儿觉也不用睡。
and some birds hardly need to sleep at all.
Gǎibiān zì “kēxué sōngshǔ huì”, zuòzhě: Lín yuān
改编自《科学松鼠会》，作者：临渊
Adapted from "Science Squirrel Club", author: Lin Yuan
Full Translation
How birds take care of their feathers
Have you all been in contact with birds? Do you know what is the most important characteristic of a bird? Does it fly with wings? Or eat insects? As a bird, whether it is flying in the sky, walking on land, or able to enter the water, it must have feathers.
That's right, the only feature that distinguishes birds from other animals is their feathers, not whether they can fly!Feathers have many functions, not only to keep warm, but also to protect the skin; the color and spots on the feathers can also act as a protective color; of course, more importantly, the feathers help flight; even some of the feathers of some birds have a "sense of touch".
In short, feathers play a very important role in a bird's life. Therefore, birds cherish feathers very much and spend a long time every day to maintain their "feathers". Arranging feathers is the basic skill of maintenance.
As long as they have time, they can't help turning their heads back and pecking at the feathers repeatedly, just like carrying a comb to comb their hair. They are oiled by the way to make the feathers smoother. In addition, when the bird is grooming, it will catch some parasites. There is no doubt that bathing is also a basic item of maintenance.
However, the birds do not need soap for bathing, and different kinds of birds choose different "bathrooms". In a nutshell, convenience is the principle. For example, when seabirds live on islands, they will choose sea water; robins like shallow puddles along the road; birds in cold regions, because rivers and ponds are hard to find, so they have to use snow instead of water; while eagles bathe more directly.
They will spread their wings in the rain to welcome the baptism happily! Sand bathing is also a favorite maintenance method for some birds. The so-called sand bath is bathing with sand. The reason why they give up bathing with water is largely related to their living environment. Most of them live in dry environments such as deserts and love to move on the ground.
In addition, sleep is the best way for birds to maintain. Although we rarely see birds in sleep, it is because they usually look for a secret place to rest. Most birds sleep for about 8 hours a day, some birds sleep for almost a day, and some birds hardly need to sleep at all.
Adapted from "Science Squirrel Club", author: Lin Yuan
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