Lesson 22 阅读与思考 Reading and thinking
Hěnduō jiāzhǎng kěnéng guòfèn qiángdiào yuèdú de zuòyòng,
很多家长可能过分强调阅读的作用，
Many parents may overemphasize the role of reading,
juédé duō dúshū jiù nénggòu bǎ zuòwén xiě dé tèbié hǎo.
觉得多读书就能够把作文写得特别好。
and feel that more reading can make the composition particularly good.
Zhège guāndiǎn shì bù kèguān, bù quánmiàn de,
这个观点是不客观、不全面的，
This view is not objective and comprehensive,
wǒmen xūyào zhuǎnbiàn zìjǐ de guānniàn.
我们需要转变自己的观念。
and we need to change our views.
Wǒ céngjīng tīng yī wèi měiguó de xiǎoxué lǎoshī shuō,
我曾经听一位美国的小学老师说，
I once heard an American elementary school teacher say that
tāmen shí fèn zhòngshì hé xuéshēng yīqǐ tǎolùn wèntí.
他们十分重视和学生一起讨论问题。
they attach great importance to discussing issues with students.
Bǐrú, tāmen tǎolùnguò “mài huǒchái de xiǎonǚ hái'ér” shì xiě gěi shéi kàn de, hái tǎolùnguò Huī Gūniáng de gùshì.
比如，他们讨论过《卖火柴的小女孩儿》是写给谁看的，还讨论过灰姑娘的故事。
For example, they discussed who the "Little Match Girl" was written for and the story of Cinderella.
Lǎoshī jiǎng wán gùshì zhīhòu, wèn tóngxuémen:
老师讲完故事之后，问同学们：
After the teacher finished telling the story, he asked the students:
Huī Gūniáng yīdàn jìnle zhège wánggōng,
灰姑娘一旦进了这个王宫，
Once Cinderella enters the palace
chéngwéi wángzǐ de xīnshàngrén,
成为王子的心上人，
and becomes the prince’s sweetheart,
tā de mèngxiǎng shíxiànle,
她的梦想实现了，
her dream has come true.
yīqiè xìngfú dōu shǔyú tā zhīhòu,
一切幸福都属于她之后，
After all happiness belongs to her,
zhè shí tā yīnggāi zěnyàng duìdài tā de jìmǔ,
这时她应该怎样对待她的继母，
then how should she treat her stepmother
yīnggāi zěnyàng duìdài tā de liǎng gè jiějiě?
应该怎样对待她的两个姐姐？
and how should she treat her two sisters?
Wèishéme yào tǎolùn zhège wèntí ne?
为什么要讨论这个问题呢？
Why should we discuss this issue?
Yīnwèi zhè shì yī zhǒng qínggǎn jiāohuàn.
因为这是一种情感交换。
Because this is an emotional exchange.
Lǎoshī hé xuéshēng tōngguò tǎolùn dé chū de jiélùn shì:
老师和学生通过讨论得出的结论是：
The conclusion reached by the teacher and the students through discussion is:
Yīgè yǐjīng yǒngyǒu jùdà xìngfú de rén,
一个已经拥有巨大幸福的人，
a person who already has great happiness
yīnggāi yuánliàng hé lǐjiě nàxiē shānghàiguò zìjǐ de rén.
应该原谅和理解那些伤害过自己的人。
should forgive and understand those who have hurt themselves.
Lìngwài hái yào chéngrèn rénxìng zhòng yīxiē xiāntiān de bù wánměi,
另外还要承认人性中一些先天的不完美，
In addition, it is necessary to acknowledge some inherent imperfections in human nature,
jiùshì shuō zuòwéi yīgè mǔqīn,
就是说作为一个母亲，
that is, as a mother,
zài zìjǐ de qīnshēng nǚ'ér hé bùshì qīnshēng de Huī Gūniáng zhī jiān,
在自己的亲生女儿和不是亲生的灰姑娘之间，
between her own daughter and Cinderella who is not her own,
nánmiǎn huì gèng téng'ài zìjǐ qīnshēng de nǚ'ér,
难免会更疼爱自己亲生的女儿，
it is inevitable that she will love her own daughter more
hěn nán wánquán píngděng de duìdài tāmen.
很难完全平等地对待她们。
and it is difficult to treat them equally.
Kěnéng nǐ juédé jìmǔ hěn zìsī,
可能你觉得继母很自私，
Maybe you think your stepmother is very selfish,
dàn zhè zhǒng xíngwéi yǒu zìrán qīngxiàng de lǐyóu,
但这种行为有自然倾向的理由，
but this behavior has a natural tendency
yǔ dàodé méiyǒu bìrán de guānxì.
与道德没有必然的关系。
and has no necessary relationship with morality.
Zìcóng wǒ tīng shuōle zhè jiàn shì,
自从我听说了这件事，
Since I heard about it,
jiù kāishǐ sīkǎo yīnggāi rúhé yuèdú chúle yuèdú hái yīnggāi zuò shénme.
就开始思考应该如何阅读 除了阅读还应该做什么。
I started thinking about how to read and what I should do besides reading.
Nǐ kàn zhège lǎoshī zài jiǎng tónghuà de shíhòu,
你看这个老师在讲童话的时候，
You see, when this teacher is telling fairy tales,
yǐjīng zài yǒuyìshí de bǎ zhè zhǒng qínggǎn yǐngxiǎng,
已经在有意识地把这种情感影响，
he is already consciously influencing this kind of emotion
shènzhì bǎ rénxìng de jiàzhí pànduàn, dōu gěile háizimen.
甚至把人性的价值判断，都给了孩子们。
and even the value judgment of human nature is given to the children.
Rúguǒ zhǐshì dānchún de zhǔzhāng yuèdú ér bù qiángdiào sīkǎo, nà shì piànmiàn de.
如果只是单纯地主张阅读而不强调思考，那是片面的。
If you simply advocate reading without emphasizing thinking, it is one-sided.
“Zhīshì” liǎng gè zì wǒ shǐzhōng rènwéi tā shì yào fēnkāi lái tán de,
“知识” 两个字我始终认为它是要分开来谈的，
I always think that the word "zhīshi" is to be discussed separately,
“zhī” jiùshì zhī gǎn, “shí” jiùshì rènshí.
“知” 就是知感，“识” 就是认识。
"zhī" is perception, and "shí" is cognition.
Suǒwèi “zhī gǎn” jiùshì biérén gàosù nǐ, shuō gěi nǐ tīng, yāoqiú nǐ jì zhù de nà yībùfèn.
所谓 “知感” 就是别人告诉你、说给你听、要求你记住的那一部分。
The so-called "perception" is the part that others tell you, tell you, and ask you to remember.
Dàn zhǐyǒu zhè yībùfèn shì bùgòu de, hái yào yǒu rènshí, sīkǎo.
但只有这一部分是不够的，还要有认识、思考。
But only this part is not enough, we need to have knowledge and thinking.
Gǎibiān zì “Běijīng qīngnián bào”, zuòzhě: Liángxiǎoshēng
改编自《北京青年报》，作者：梁晓声
Adapted from "Beijing Youth Daily", author: Liang Xiaosheng
Full Translation:
Reading and thinking
Many parents may overemphasize the role of reading, and feel that more reading can make the composition particularly good. This view is not objective and comprehensive, and we need to change our views. I once heard an American elementary school teacher say that they attach great importance to discussing issues with students.
For example, they discussed who the "Little Match Girl" was written for and the story of Cinderella. After the teacher finished telling the story, he asked the students: once Cinderella enters the palace and becomes the prince’s sweetheart, her dream has come true. After all happiness belongs to her, then how should she treat her stepmother and how should she treat her two sisters?
Why should we discuss this issue? Because this is an emotional exchange. The conclusion reached by the teacher and the students through discussion is: a person who already has great happiness should forgive and understand those who have hurt themselves.
In addition, it is necessary to acknowledge some inherent imperfections in human nature, that is, as a mother, between her own daughter and Cinderella who is not her own, it is inevitable that she will love her own daughter more and it is difficult to treat them equally. Maybe you think your stepmother is very selfish, but this behavior has a natural tendency and has no necessary relationship with morality.
Since I heard about this, I started thinking about how to read and what I should do besides reading. You see, when this teacher is telling fairy tales, he is already consciously influencing this kind of emotion and even giving the children the value of human nature. If you simply advocate reading without emphasizing thinking, it is one-sided.
I always think that the word "zhīshi" is to be discussed separately, "Zhī" is perception, and "shí" is cognition. The so-called "perception" is the part that others tell you, tell you, and ask you to remember. But only this part is not enough, we need to have knowledge and thinking.
Adapted from "Beijing Youth Daily", author: Liang Xiaosheng
hsk5 lesson 22 audio with pinyin and English translation 👇
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